A mathematical model for determining the chromes and lightness of the respective parts of the spectral range in an objective manner.

The standard values determined based on the manner in which the three types of receptors on the human retina process orange red (x), green (y) and blue (z). These standard values form the basis of the CIELAB color system.

A process by which production conditions and color standards are specified, which includes the determination of required colorimetric and densitometric values as well as of dot gain for the CMYK process colors. As far as ink and paper, the standards can be identified in tests and documented. In order to optimize the prepress stage, all necessary output devices are calibrated at the beginning so that they always deliver identical, repeatable results. In a further step, the imagesetters are adjusted so that the desired dot gain in printing is ensured. Once standardization has been carried out, the color space of the printing press and upstream output systems is measured. The data determined is then used to define ICC profiles, which are fed into the workflow to ensure true color through all stages – from the calibrated monitor to the proof and the printing press.

A device used for stitching printed products with wire staples. The term is more generally applied to gatherer-stitchers, which perform all processes involved in the manufacture of wire-stitched magazines and brochures. Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG markets stitchers under the brand name Stitchmaster.

A screening procedure in which a printable continuous tone structure is produced by varying the dot frequency depending on the tonal values. The dot size remains the same (in contrast to halftone screening). The irregular arrangement of the dots creates a moiré effect.

A form of lithographic printing that involves the use of Solnhofen limestone from the Franconia region of Germany for the printing forme. Invented by Alois Senefelder in 1796, the technology was particularly popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, though today stone printing is generally only used for graphics work.

The process by which a color impression is created by filtering out individual frequency ranges from the overall spectrum of visible light. In color printing this is done by overprinting the inks.