Design                                                                                                                           The elements of design are used, and often combined, to create graphic works. They should not be confused with principles of design, such as balance and white space, but rather components such as color, type and images. Presented here is a list of the most commonly used elements in graphic design.

Shapes
From ancient pictographs to modern logos, shapes are at the root of design. They are used to establish layouts, create patterns, and build countless elements on the page. With graphics software such as Illustrator, creating and manipulating shapes is easier than ever, giving designers the freedom to create them at will.

Lines                                                                                                                                  Lines are used to divide space, direct the eye, and create forms. At the most basic level, straight lines are found in layouts to separate content, such as in magazine, newspaper, and website designs.This can of course go much further, with curved, dotted, and zigzag lines used as the defining elements on a page. Often, lines will be implied, meaning other elements of design will follow the path of line, such as type on a curve.

Color                                                                                                                                    Color is an interesting element because it can be applied to any other element, changing it dramatically. It can be used to make an image stand out, to show linked text on a website, and to evoke emotion. Graphic designers should combine their experience with color with an understanding of color theory.

Type                                                                                                                                  Type, of course, is all around us. In graphic design, the goal is to not to just place some text on a page, but rather to understand and use it effectively for communication. Choice of fonts (typefaces), size, alignment, color, and spacing all come into play. Type can be taken further by using it to create shapes and images.

Art & Illustration                                                                                                                The use of illustrated work and fine art in a design can determine its character. It can be anything from a logo to a fully illustrated CD package. Graphic designers may create their own artwork, purchase it, or commission an artist to create an exclusive piece for a project.
Photography                                                                                                                          A powerful image can make or break a design. Photographs are used to tell stories, support ideas, and grab the audience’s attention, so the selection is important. Stock photos can be purchased at all price levels on many websites, or photographers can be hired for project-specific shoots.

Texture                                                                                                                              Texture is a unique element because the audience can feel it. Paper selection, from thin to thick to matte to glossy, can affect the overall perception of a graphic work. People will often give more attention or credit to something on heavier stock. Aside from paper choice, texture can be used in limitless, creative ways, such as in package design.
These elements can be used in countless ways. In the end, a combination of the elements you choose, how you alter them, and where you arrange them on a page will determine the success of a design.